腹壁可触及肿物的成像鉴别（二）

Miscellaneous Lesions 其他病变.. Urachal Cyst 疣尿管溃疡A urachal cyst may be seen in between the umbilicus and the bladder. It is usually situated in the lower third of the urachus but can be seen just inferior to the umbilicus. These cysts may appear totally anechoic or may reveal low-level internal echoes (Figure 11 )疣尿管溃疡见于疣和腹腔之间，一般来说坐落于疣尿管的下1/3 ，但也可见于仅坐落于疣下。这些溃疡可体现为完全无回声或较高回声。

Figure 11. A, Urachal cyst. The cyst is infected and contains faintly echogenic fluid. B, Urachal cyst. The anterior wall of the tense cyst produces reverberation artifacts. 左图11A，疣尿管溃疡，此溃疡已受感染，内部含有黯淡回声的液体。B，疣尿管溃疡，紧张的溃疡前壁产生透射伪影。

..Endometriosis阴囊毛细血管壁乳癌Endometriosis of the abdominal wall may occur as a long-term complication of uterine surgery. It has no specific appearance but is seen as a focal mass at the scar of previous surgery with attacks of cyclic pain and swelling (Figure 12 ).结节阴囊毛细血管壁乳癌是阴囊治疗后的长期合并症，无特殊体现，但可于过去治疗的瘢痕处见一局部肿物，并有周期官能的头痛和肿胀。

Figure 12. Endometriosis in a cesarean delivery scar. 左图12 ，剖宫产脸上处阴囊毛细血管壁乳癌

...Abdominal Wall Hematoma 结节血肿A rectus sheath hematoma may develop after paroxysms of coughing or sneezing or after seizures. The underlying cause is usually either anticoagulant therapy or some bleeding disorder. Because these hematomas are limited within the rectus sheath, they are not very big. Their shape depends on their location. Above the arcuate line, they are usually ovoid in shape with the long axis superoinferior and are seen on one side (Figure 13A ). Below the arcuate line, because of the absence of the linea alba, they can extend across the midline. Then the hematoma may be seen as a padlike lesion with its maximum length along the transverse axis.21–23 In one neonate, an abdominal wall hematoma was seen to spread transversely in the supraumbilical region (Figure 13, B and C ). In patients with post surgical disseminated intrascular coagulation, large hematomas are seen in the abdominal wall in the vicinity of the surgical scar (Figure 13D ).腹直肌鞘血肿可发生于发作官能肿胀后、全身或中风发作后，其根本原因一般来说是抗凝治疗或出血官能疾病。由于血肿受到限制于腹直肌鞘内，一般来说不较大，其形状根据所处一段距离而定，在弓状新线以上，血肿常为对生，长轴深褐色上下顺时针，可于侧面见到（左图13A）；在弓状新线以下，由于腹两条新线缺如，可扩展移向之中新线，因此血肿体现为分螺旋状，其远超过间隔坐落于垂直轴上。在婴儿结节血肿可见于疣上纵向扩展（左图13B、C）。术后星体官能毛细血管内心肌的病症可于结节治疗瘢痕附近见到大的血肿（左图13D）。

Figure 13. A, Rectus sheath hematoma in an elderly woman after severe cough. Arrows point to the fascia transversalis. B, Abdominal wall hematoma in a neonate. C, Abdominal wall hematoma overlying umbilical vein insertion in a neonate. UV indicates umbilical vein. D, Abdominal wall hematoma in a cesarean delivery scar in a patient with disseminated intrascular coagulation. 左图13A，一之中年妇女剧烈肿胀后腹直肌鞘血肿，箭头请示腹横软骨。B，婴儿结节血肿。C，一婴儿疣微血管粘附处纸片的结节血肿。UV，疣微血管。D，一星体官能毛细血管内心肌的剖宫产术后病症疤痕处结节血肿。

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