多囊卵巢综合征

HISTORY: A 31-year-old female with a history of irregular menses

病史：女，31岁，月经不规律性。

FINDINGS:

Pelvic ultrasound and T2-weighted MRI demonstrates an enlarged ovary with>12 subcentimeter peripheral follicles surrounding a prominent hyperechoic (US) and hypointense (MRI) ovarian stroma. No evidence of dominant follicle.

图片显出：膀胱医学影像和MRI T2WI显示子宫增大，四周囊泡多于12亚厘米。四周子宫细胞质在医学影像上最弱Echo，MRI上低信号。已为优势卵泡。

DIAGNOSIS:

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

病因：多囊子宫综合平

DISCUSSION:

Also known as Stein-Leventhal syndrome, PCOS is one of the most common causes of female infertility. PCOS is an endocrinologic disorder characterized by chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism. Furthermore, PCOS has a classic triad of obesity, amenorrhea, and hirsutism; but only half of patients present with this combination.

争辩：多囊子宫综合平也叫S-L综合平。是女性未婚的最常见因素。主要是由于肾上腺紊乱导致依然无妊娠和性激素分泌过仲。PCOS相比较非典型平：肥胖、闭经和多毛病症。但仅有分之一病人显出为此非典型病症。

Therefore, imaging evaluation tends to follow to gain further information . Typical US/MRI findings include enlarged, rounded ovaries with numerous small, peripherally located follicles and stroma showing increased echogenicity (US) or decreased signal on T2-weighted imaging (MRI). Long-term follow-up should be recommended in such patients as PCOS patients he an increased risk of breast and uterine cancer secondary to unopposed high estrogen levels .

因此，需采用图片检查进一步获取更多讯息。相比较的医学影像/MRI平象包括：子宫增大、变圆，外周多发小囊泡，子宫细胞质US上最弱Echo，T2WI低信号。PCOS病人建议依然随访，因依然雌激素准确度过高，可能会诱发乳腺癌和子宫癌。

（以上主题节选自腹部图片病例节录）

Notes:

1. Polycystic ovary syndrome [ˌpɑliˈsɪstɪk ˈovəri ˈsɪnˌdrom] 多囊子宫综合平

2. menses ['mensi:z] n. 月经

3. peripheral [pəˈrɪfərəl] adj. 外周的

4. follicles n. 小囊

5. hyperechoic [haɪpɪre'kɔɪk] 最弱Echo的

6. infertility [ˌɪnfɚˈtɪlɪti] n. 子代

7. endocrinologic 肾上腺的

8. anovulation [ænɒvjʊ'leɪʃn] n. 停止妊娠

9. hyperandrogenism [haɪpə'rændrɒdʒɪnɪzəm] 性激素过多病症

10. amenorrhea [eɪˌmenə'ri:ə] n. 量减少

11. hirsutism ['hɜ:su:ˌtɪzəm] n. 多毛病症

12. ovary [ˈoʊvəri] n. 子宫

13. stroma ['stroʊmə] n. 细胞质

14. echogenicity [ekədʒe'nɪsɪtɪ] 产生Echo（性）

15. estrogen [ˈɛstrədʒən] n. 雌激素

原标题：165.Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)多囊子宫综合平